Guaimarius IV and the Opulenta Civitas

The Lombard Duchy and then Principality of Salerno lasted three centuries, and after founder Arechi II, the greatest prince was certainly Guaimarius IV.
His dynasty originated with Guaiferio, who took power in the 9th century and then passed it on to his son Guaimario, who built a new palace away from the sea, the San Massimo Palace. One of his descendants was Guaimarius IV, who extended the principality by unifying almost all of peninsular Mezzogiorno d’Italy, making Salerno the capital of a vast principality, which started from Gaeta and extended to all of Calabria, including Amalfi, the Maritime Republic that had always been Salerno’ enemy. And it was precisely a conspiracy of Amalfitans that killed Prince Guaimarius, who, however, was avenged by his brother Guido, who would later bring the slain prince’s son, Gisulph II, to the throne.
On a coin minted by Gisulphus one can read precisely the motto “Opulenta Civitas,” defining the wealth of the city, center in those years of the Medical School that would give it worldwide fame. But Guaimarius IV, who gave so much importance to Salerno, also decreed its end. His daughter, Sichelgaita, was given in marriage to a Norman knight, that Robert Guiscard, who ousted his brother-in-law and put an end to Lombard rule, while still maintaining the capital in Salerno in his new palace: Castel Terracena.